History, Location & Origin | Selenite
Selenite, a crystalline form of gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate), is valued for its transparency, luster, and beauty. This mineral is named after Selene, the Greek goddess of the moon, due to its moon-like glow.
Geological Formation and Composition:
- Formation: Selenite is formed in sedimentary environments, typically in evaporative deposits where saline waters slowly evaporate, leaving behind a rich layer of minerals.
- Crystal Structure: It is known for its fine, columnar crystal growth, which can develop into large, transparent crystals.
Historical and Cultural Context:
- Ancient Use: Gypsum, the broader mineral family that includes selenite, has been used since ancient times. The Egyptians used gypsum for plaster in pyramids, and its translucent variety, alabaster, was used for windows in Byzantine churches.
- Mythological Associations: Selenite's name, referencing the moon goddess, points to its historical association with clarity, purity, and celestial phenomena.
Geographical Locations:
- Global Distribution: Notable deposits of selenite can be found in Mexico, notably in the Cave of the Crystals in Naica, as well as in the United States, Morocco, Greece, Poland, Russia, and Australia.
- Mining: Selenite is typically extracted in large open-pit gypsum mines.
Modern Significance:
- Decorative and Metaphysical Use: Selenite is popular in decorative arts and metaphysical practices. It is believed to have cleansing and healing properties, promoting peace and mental clarity, although these attributes are not scientifically substantiated.
- Artisanal Craftsmanship: Its ease of carving makes selenite a popular choice for ornamental objects, including lamps, jewelry, and various sculptural items.
Scientific and Industrial Applications:
- Gypsum Board Production: While selenite itself is not typically used for industrial purposes, gypsum, the mineral it forms from, is a key ingredient in plaster and drywall.
In summary, selenite's historical significance is tied to its use in ancient cultures and its mythological associations, while its contemporary value largely lies in its aesthetic and purported metaphysical properties. Its unique crystal structure and translucency continue to captivate and inspire a wide range of uses.
